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Volumen 25, nº 3, 2022
Submitted
July 5, 2022
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September 30, 2022
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Abstract

Introduction: Renal transplantation has been considered the best renal replacement therapy for end-stage chronic kidney disease, even though it carries a number of risks among which cancer is increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the impact on this population.
Objective: To understand and synthesise the scientific evidence on the incidence of neoplasms in renal transplant patients, as well as the related variables.
Methodology: A systematic review was carried out including 14 articles from Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. The MeSH terms used were: neoplasms, kidney transplantation, incidence, risk, risk factors. Original articles written in English and Spanish, studying adult transplanted population were included.
Results: Fourteen articles with observational design were included. The main variables that emerged from the review were: overall incidence, demographic data and previous treatments, other associated characteristics, most frequent tumours and preventive measures.
Conclusions: TThe incidence of neoplasms in transplant patients is high, especially in the older age group and in patients with immunosuppressive treatment with cyclosporine and azathioprine; the latter, together with transplantation from cadaver, being the main risk factors found. Non-melanoma skin cancers are the most prevalent and prevention measures include routine screening, promotion of a healthy lifestyle, and promotion and enhancement of hepatitis B vaccination.

Keywords

neoplasms kidney transplantation incidence risk factors

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Guillén-Gómez I, Blanco-García M, Aránega-Gavilán S, Crespo-Montero R. Neoplastic alterations in the renal transplant patient. A systematic review. Enferm Nefrol [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2025 Apr 30];25(3):[about 12 p.]. Available from: https://www.enfermerianefrologica.com/revista/article/view/4524
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