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Abstract
Peritonitis is one of the main complications of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and in many cases involves the removal of the catheter and the temporary and/or definitive transfer to haemodialysis.according to the latest guidelines for the treatment of peritonitis, about 18% of infections associated with mortality in PD patients are peritonitis. Although less than 4% of them result in death(1-2). On the other hand, repeated episodes of peritonitis can compromise the peritoneal membrane and constitute one of the most common reasons for failure of the PD technique.
Treatment should be established as quickly as possible and for this purpose early detection is very important (appearance of cloudy fluid in the peritoneal fluid), even if no clinical symptoms have been presented.this treatment should include antibiotic coverage of both gram positive bacteria with vancomycin or cephalosporins and gram negative bacteria with third generation cephalosporins or aminoglycosides(3). The administration of these antibiotics is more effective in intraperitoneal (IP) form than in intravenous (IV) form. The constant emergence of multi-resistant germs also affects this type of infection and this poses new challenges for the treatment of peritonitis. Daptomycin can be a valid option in the treatment of infections caused by gram-positive, methicillin-resistant germs with intermediate sensitivity to vancomycin. In addition, daptomycin is a drug currently used in the treatment of bacteremias associated with intravenous catheters(4)
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Copyright (c) 2013 José Francisco Martínez Martínez, Rosa Ortells Corresa, Laura Navarro Daudén, Carme Moreno Aliaga, Anna Mireía Marti i Monros
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References
- Woodrow G, Turney JH, Brownjohn AM. Technique failure in peritoneal dialysis and its impact on patient survival. Perit Dial Int 1997;17:360.
- Holley HL, Piraino BM. Complications of peritoneal dialysis: diagnosis and management. Semin Dial 1990;3:245.
- Li PK, Szeto CC, Piraino B, Bernardini J, Figueiredo AE, Gupta A, et al. Peritoneal Dialysis-related infections recommendations: 2010 Update.Perit Dial Int 2010; 30:393-423.
- Raad I, Hanna H, Jiang Y, Dvorak T, Reitzel R, Chaiba G, et al. Comparative activies of daptomycin, linezolid and tigecycline against catheter related methicilin resistant Sthaphycoccus bacteriemic isolates embedded in biofilm. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007;51:1656-6.
- Burklein D, Heyn J, Kirchhoff C, Ozimek A, Traun-muller F, Joukhadar C, et al. Analysis of plasma and peritoneal fluid concentrations of daptomycin in a patient. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2008;32(4):369-71.
- Huem SC, Hall I, Topal J, Mahnenmith R, Brewster U, Abu-alfa A, Successful use of intraperitoneal daptomycin in the treatment of vancomycin resistant enterococcus peritonitis. Am J Kidney Dis 2009, 54(3):538-41.
- Levy F., Camarero V., Blasco A., Ortega M. P., Abrigar P. Tratamiento con daptomicina intravenosa en una recidiva de peritonitis por Staphylococcus epidermidis. Nefrología 2011;31(3):374-5.
- García-López L., Gómez L., Fernández-Reyes M. J. Administración intraperitoneal de daptomicina. Nefrología 2011;31(3):375-6.
References
Woodrow G, Turney JH, Brownjohn AM. Technique failure in peritoneal dialysis and its impact on patient survival. Perit Dial Int 1997;17:360.
Holley HL, Piraino BM. Complications of peritoneal dialysis: diagnosis and management. Semin Dial 1990;3:245.
Li PK, Szeto CC, Piraino B, Bernardini J, Figueiredo AE, Gupta A, et al. Peritoneal Dialysis-related infections recommendations: 2010 Update.Perit Dial Int 2010; 30:393-423.
Raad I, Hanna H, Jiang Y, Dvorak T, Reitzel R, Chaiba G, et al. Comparative activies of daptomycin, linezolid and tigecycline against catheter related methicilin resistant Sthaphycoccus bacteriemic isolates embedded in biofilm. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007;51:1656-6.
Burklein D, Heyn J, Kirchhoff C, Ozimek A, Traun-muller F, Joukhadar C, et al. Analysis of plasma and peritoneal fluid concentrations of daptomycin in a patient. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2008;32(4):369-71.
Huem SC, Hall I, Topal J, Mahnenmith R, Brewster U, Abu-alfa A, Successful use of intraperitoneal daptomycin in the treatment of vancomycin resistant enterococcus peritonitis. Am J Kidney Dis 2009, 54(3):538-41.
Levy F., Camarero V., Blasco A., Ortega M. P., Abrigar P. Tratamiento con daptomicina intravenosa en una recidiva de peritonitis por Staphylococcus epidermidis. Nefrología 2011;31(3):374-5.
García-López L., Gómez L., Fernández-Reyes M. J. Administración intraperitoneal de daptomicina. Nefrología 2011;31(3):375-6.