Perfil perinatal asociado a estados hipertensivos del embarazo

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnant women can be affected with a group of disorders called hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. These are classified as follows: chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. An adequate blood pressure monitoring is essential for the follow-up of this risk group.
Objective: To describe a profile for new-borns delivered in pregnancies with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and to determine whether the profile is related to the different types of disorders.Patients and Method: Retrospective cohort study, which includes new-borns of pregnant women with hypertensive states, followed in the hypertension unit, and born between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2015.
Results: The sample consisted of 84 subjects. The gestational age was 37.1 and the birth weight was 2,782.7 g. The lowest gestational ages and birth weight were in children of pregnant women with preeclampsia or chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia (p<0.05). The Apgar test and the sex of the RN was not different based on the maternal hypertensive state.
Conclusions: The profile was a newborn with a gestational age of 37.1 weeks, average weight of 2,782.7 g, and an Apgar test at birth of 8.6, and at 5 minutes of 9.7. Birth weight and gestational age were significantly related to the type of hypertensive state of the mother, with worse results being reported in children of pregnant women with preeclampsia alone or in addition.