Valoración de autocuidados en el acceso vascular para hemodiálisis

Abstract

Introduction: Several studies have shown the lack of formation and, in consequence, the lack of self-care in renal patients in treatment with hemodialysis and with vascular access. Nursing must assume its rol of chronic patients coach in order they achieve a balanced state between their desires and what they must do, so they can assume the responsibility to self -provide their own sef-care. The objective was to evaluate the knowledge that the patient has about the needs of care of his/her vascular access.
Methodology: The current study was implemented in the Fresenius Sagunto Hemodialysis Center located in Canet D´en Berenguer town (Valencia). Two tools were used; a questionnaire for patients with an arteriovenous fistula, and another one for patients with a central venous catheter, in which it was included general aspects of self-care, actions to keep the vascular access in optimal state and general measures of application in case of emergency.The questionnaires were collected during the period between the first of June and the fifth of June in 2015. It was made a sampling by intentional selection; the collaboration of 57 patients was achieved.
Results: The level of knowledge of the self-care of the vascular access from the patients was high in most of the cases. The patients were male the most of them, seniors, their civil status was married, they had a elementary level of studies, they had an arteriovenous fistula as a vascular access and they possessed quite experience in treatment time.
Conclusions: We reach to the final conclusion that the raised hypothesis: "a lack of self-care in the patient of Fresenius Sagunto Hemodialysis Center about his vascular access as a consequence of a lack of knowledge" it can´t be kept in the sample of patients studied.