Factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento del paciente en diálisis peritoneal

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, when implementing the care of patients with chronic kidney disease through peritoneal dialysis, nursing professionals find the main difficulty in the poor adherence of the patient in the areas corresponding to the mastery of the technique, control of nutritional factors, water control and pharmacological management, among others, which have a negative impact on the permanence in therapy as well as survival. Objective: To explore the factors that influence the adherence of adult patients to peritoneal dialysis therapy and the consequences of its lack reported in the literature. Methods: Electronic search was performed using PUBMED databases, meta-search engines such as academic google, Epistemonikos, Scielo, among others. We considered primary studies conducted in adult patients from 18 to 80 years old, between 2008-2015, in English and Spanish language. Result: PD patients present problems of lack of adherence in a higher proportion in nutritional parameters, fluid restriction followed by correct management of the technique and pharmacological guidelines indicated by the health professional. Conclusion: The adherence to PD patient's treatment should be explored by nurses due to its diverse complexity through phenomenological studies.