Relación entre las complicaciones y la calidad de vida del paciente en hemodiálisis

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are treated with dialysis therapies. This type of treatment includes Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) and Haemodialysis (HD). Patients undergoing HD have an unpredictable evolution due to the complications of the treatment and/or complications typical of CKD. These increase the number of hospitalisations and deteriorate the quality of life (QoL). Objectives: To assess the quality of life of patients undergoing haemodialysis and to determine the association between complications and VC. Material and Methods: Analytical transversal study in 157 patients in HD (75 men, 82 women), over 18 years old and with more than 3 months in treatment. The VC was evaluated with the instrument KDQOL-36, which measures 5 dimensions in scale from 0 to 100. A bivariate analysis, ANOVA and multiple regression were made to evaluate the relation of each one of the dimensions with age, sex, occupation, marital status, schooling, type of venous access, time with CKD, with HD and complications of CKD and HD. Results: The average age was 50.9 years. The 77% of the participants presented complications, 69.4% by HD, 5% by evolution of CKD and 25.6% both complications. In the multivariate analysis it was found that the presence of both complications deteriorates more the quality of life than those caused only by the treatment of HD. Conclusion: The complications of haemodialysis treatment combined with those of CKD deteriorate the patient's quality of life.