Identificación de infradiagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica en atención primaria

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease affects 9.16% of the Spanish population. The high prevalence and underdiagnosis require interdisciplinary coordination to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Thus, we propose to identify the real prevalence of chronic kidney disease in our Basic Health Area, to detect coding and diagnostic errors, and to increase detection. Material and Method: Cross-sectional observational study in patients older than 14 years residing in the Basic Health Area of Balaguer. The diagnostic classification criteria were patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease or not coded with renal impairment, measured by glomerular filtration rate, albumin/creatinine ratio or mild albuminuria. Loss of follow-up were considered deaths and patients with change in Basic Health Area. The variables studied were: diagnosis and stage of chronic kidney disease, mild albuminuria, albumin/creatinine ratio, glomerular filtration and analytical determinations. A coding was performed through the review of the medical history. The analysis was based on prevalence. Results: The prevalence increased from an initial 3.98% to 6.00% after the review. Underdiagnosis figures were maintained, with a detection of two thirds of the expected. Adding the patients pending a second analytical determination and those suffering from mild albuminuria, the prevalence represented 80% of the expected (7.40%). Conclusion: The existence of underdiagnosis is observed in the early detection of CKD. A review of the classification criteria helps to improve underdiagnosis data.