Apoyo educativo y patrón de vida en el paciente con tratamiento de hemodiálisis

Abstract

Introduction: The increase in the number of persons in hemodialysis treatment, together with the greater incidence of acute complications, illustrate the necessity of designing strategies that emphasize the promotion of health-generating behavior in these patients, reducing the consequences personal, family and institutional costs.
Aims: To determine the influence of educational support provided by the nursing professional on the pattern-of-life of the patient with hemodialysis treatment.
Methodology: A pre-experimental study was conducted on 22 patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. An educational program based on the Orem theoretical reference was designed and put into practice, concentrating on three aspects: responsibility in relation to health, hygiene, and diet. The program consisted of a total of ten half-hour sessions, each one given twice a week for a period of five weeks during the patient’s first hour of hemodialysis treatment.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 36.4 ± 16.7 years. A total of 68.1% (n=15) of the patients were economically active, and the mean time of the patient in the hemodialysis treatment program was 20.6 ± 15.6 months. The median questionnaire score was 92 in the pre-intervention phase and 107.5 in the post-intervention phase. With a statistically significant difference of p<0.001.
Conclusion: One hundred percent of the subjects maintained a protective pattern-of-life, suggesting that educational support provided by the nursing professional increased the pattern-of-life score of the patients treated with hemodialysis.