Necessidades de ações educativas-terapêuticas em um serviço de diálise renal no Brasil

Abstract

Introduction: Educational actions are often underestimated by professionals working in hemodialysis (HD) units, even though they are essential in the therapeutic process. Objective: To determine the doubts and/or needs of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the implementation of an educational program in a HD unit. Method: A descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach developed in a Dialysis Therapy Unit in Brazil. Thirty people with CKD on HD treatment were enrolled. Data and elocutions were collected through individual interviews, with a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed through thematic categories. Results: No predominance was found for the sex category, 15 (50%) for both. The age range ranged from 40 to 93 years. Regarding HD time, the prevalence was between 1 and 5 years (53%). Participants revealed the absence (20%) and / or limited knowledge (80%) on the issues involving CKD. Nine needs for clarification were identified through the speeches: mainly about how it develops (23%), early diagnosis (8%), prevention (8%) and treatments (33%). They pointed out (40%) that the nursing professional was the forerunner in providing information regarding the disease and self-care. Conclusion: One of the fundamental domains of nursing care is the role of educator. However, these professionals face many difficulties to enable such competence. A reorientation of the educational practice in this service is required, with the purpose of offering better clarifications on the CKD, and consequently, a better quality of life to these people.