Factores que influyen en la supervivencia de la fístula arteriovenosa interna y su relación con la técnica de punción

Abstract

Introduction: The following literature review aims to collect the causes of failure of arteriovenous fistula, with particular emphasis on the relationship between puncture technique and the failure of it, given the importance of management and nursing care in the vascular access of hemodialysis patients.
Objective: To review the available scientific literature about the primary or secondary failure of arteriovenous fistula.
Methods: A, non-meta-analytic, systematic review was carried out with information search in the following databases: Medline, ProQuest, Scopus and Google Scholar. Articles in Spanish, English and French are included.
Results: The review includes 38 articles published between 2001 and 2016. Most of them are observational studies. After analyzing all the variables, we found that older age, female gender, inflammatory and coagulation status, diabetes, episodes of hypotension, location and use of central venous catheter adversely affect the survival of arteriovenous fistula. Regarding the influence of different needling techniques in the survival of the fistula, there is no conclusive evidence in favor of any technique.
Conclusions: We can conclude that factors which adversely affect the survival of arteriovenous fistula are: advanced age, female gender, diabetes, inflammatory state, episodes of hypotension, distal location and previous use of central venous catheter.